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This is an enhanced version of the CountryFile created in 2000 by OBESSU which was published only in the printed format. This project is online since 15th of March 2008.
The educational CountryFile is an international student project which aims to provide you information on school systems and student school representations in respective countries.As the school systems are changing in the time so are also the environments for student representations. Therefore we...
This project was made possible thanks to the financial support of the European Youth Foundation of the Council of Europe. This project was supported under the campaign.
CoE DYS is a directorate of the Council of Europe.
IBE acts as UNESCO's center specialized in contents, methods and structure of education.
We will welcome your comments at .
EYF is a fund established by Council of Europe to provide financial support for European youth activities.
DG EAC is a directorate-general of the European Commission of the European Union.
Eurydice is an information network on education in Europe and an integral part of Socrates Community action program in education. It provides detailed information on school systems in Europe and more.
Contact details of student organizations and national institutions can be found in following parts of this web page: .
OBESSU is a platform for cooperation between the national school student unions active in general secondary and secondary vocational education in Europe.
Information on this web site is provided as is. As it is a product of many individuals, OBESSU and/or any other mentioned student/educational organisation make no warranties or representations about the accuracy or completeness of this site. None of the mentioned organisations shall be liable for...
This website does not collect any information about its visitors. This website contains links to other websites - please read Disclaimer/Privacy Policy of every website you visit.
The main task of municipal youth councils is to provide a channel for young people’s perspectives, wishes and initiatives in local government. Around 50 Finnish municipalities have a youth council. Members of youth councils are selected in elections, with the age limit of those entitled to vote...
[missing data]
Unione Degli Studenti - UDSItalian School Students’ Union
[missing data]
Around 30
1970s
According to the Law of Civil Associations in Macedonia, USM is the only registered NGO that represents the secondary students on a national level.
Vlaamse Scholierenkoepel vzw - VSK
Individuals, groups of students and student councils.UDS is formed by individuals, groups of students and student councils, organised in local, provincial and regional federations.
Around 30
The total budget is around €100 000.
LAKS has 5 members of staff.
The Confederal Council is the highest decision-making body in between Confederal Assemblies. It is formed by a certain number of representatives from federations (depending on their size) and the Board. It meets several times a year.
There are many regional or municipal student organizations.
[missing data]
No.
[missing data]
The ‘head’ of ESSA is a National Council of elected students from the 9 government regions. The Council meets four times a year and makes decisions about ESSA policy, as well as representing ESSA at conferences, representing ESSA within the media and promoting ESSA’s cause. The Council is...
Each school has a student council,composed of presidents of the classes, which elects a representative to the DOS Parliament. (There are 142 secondary schools in Slovenia.) Every person with the status of a secondary student is automatically a member of DOS.
[missing data]
Important commissions start to invite students, but generally students are not heard.
[missing data]
Unija srednjoškolaca Srbije - UNSSUnion of secondary school students of Serbia
School councils
€ 1,2 mil, by 40% national systematic governmental contribution, 30% regional and local government contribution and 20% national agency of education for development of schools.
ESCU has 7 members of staff.
1991
No others
According to Finnish law, the students in every secondary school in the country have to form a student body and have a representative organ, a student council. Furthermore, according to Finnish law, the educator is compelled to give the students the opportunity to participate in the development of...
[missing data]
A stable and trustable public system for funding of student unions at the national level could surely help a better school students’ representation. On the other hand, good representation is hindered by the limited involvement of media and politicians in school students’ issues and therefore...
[missing data]
Stredoškolská študentská únia Slovenska - ŠuskaSecondary school student's union of Slovakia
Student councils and individual students.
80
€ 72,000, funded by government. Members do not have to contribute.
25 full-time (approximately)
FIDL - the second high-school organization behind the UNL, defends of the ideas appreciably similar to UNLSUD Lycéens - High-school union of extreme left
Since Switzerland is a federal state, each canton has it’s own law. Furthermore each school has it’s own law. The grade of student representation is therefore depending from local authorities. Student representation is seen as a useful tool to create social atmosphere at local schools. No law...
The position of student councils in schools varies widely in different region and types of schools. For instance, about 90% of the upper secondary schools have at least formal student councils, but the equivalent percent in vocational schools is only 60. In terms of student actually being heard and...
[missing data]
[missing data]
182
120
1 full time, 5 voluntary
[missing data]
On primary school level USO is watching pro-participatory projects. On this level, participation is seen as a useful tool to create social atmosphere at local schools. On secondary level USO is watching status quo, e.g. student representation is accepted but no great intention to increase the...
At national/regional level students are heard only if they go on strike. At schools, it depends from the headmaster and the other teachers. Legally students' voice can only recommend. Most often if they are invited to speak, they are not heard.
There is no public funding for school student organization like UNSS. The Government doesn’t provide any money for the office or administrative costs necessary for the organization’s functioning. Ministry of youth and other donors are the only ones that help student representation by financing...
[missing data]
300 student councils and 42 000 individual students that have signed up as supportive members.
250
The total budget is about € 200,000
1996
Landelijk Aktie Komitee Scholieren - LAKSNational action committee for school students
Over 1000 school students participate in AKS every year. Membership is voluntary and there is no membership fee.
Around 300Approximately 150 student councils.
1999EONs predecessor, NEO (Norwegian School Student Union) was founded in 1994 when a fraction of board members from NGS (Norsk Gymnasiastsamband) left the organization. NGS was founded in 1959. These two organizations formed EON in 1999.
There are also other student organizations, but DOS is the only nationwide student union. Some of the biggest regional organizations are the Student Union of Ljublana and School student union of Maribor.
Students are not represented in the municipal, regional and national Bodies, except at the regional and national Youth Forum and The Best representative school students’ organizations Board at the Ministry of Education. Another exception is the Provincial school students’ council that is made...
[missing data]
UNSS is a member of Youth peer network and All Different All Equal network in Serbia.
The representatives of the Swiss cantons' school student organisations forms the General Assembly. The member organisations themselves have individual concepts of representations.
Suomen Ylioppilaskuntien Liitto (SYL; The National Union of University Students in Finland) - an interest organisation defending and improving the educational, financial, and social benefits and rights of the students
The involvement of school students in the development of their educational centers is very much up to every school to define. While some schools have important structures for students’ participation, others do not even have an active student council. This creates very important disparities among...
In municipal bodies students are sometimes represented through a youth council. On a national level VSK is actively representing students.
In November,17th 2006, symbolically on the International Students’ day, after a day of mobilisation in more than 130 cities, The Minister of education signed the “Palazzo Valentini Chart”, from the name of the building of the provincial government in Rome. With this act he formalized his...
Eesti Õpilasesinduste Liit - EÕEL
Student councils
Around 100
[missing data]
DGS:LH:
?? Tu peux mettre notre organigrame si tu l'as...
Students in general are not included. It depends on the respective schools and its headmasters. Occasionally students are invited to comment on some issues on regional level, but are hardly heard.
Students are not in any way represented in neither municipal nor governmental bodies.
[missing data]
Sveriges Elevråds Centralorganisation - SECOSwedish Student Associations Central Organisation
School student councils
€ 15,000, by government and other grant institutions. Members do not have to contribute.
0
[missing data]
It is legally stated that every public school or private school receiving subsidies must allow the creation of a student council with two representatives from each class, three or four representatives at the School Board and two representative at the Provincial school students’ Council. Moreover,...
Depends from case to case, but generally students are not represented, or are represented but without the right to vote.
Students are practically not heard at all. The only possibility for them to make some small changes is at school level, but this also varies from school to school. At the moment UNSS is cooperating with the Ministry of youth and therefore school students are given the opportunity to have a say...
In the Netherlands, students sit on the very formal co-administrative council. This allows them to participate. However, student councils are also a part of school student participation. The promotion of student councils (perhaps through legislation) is one of the challenges for the future.
Aktion kritischer SchülerInnen - AKSAction Critical Students
Student councils.But individual students can sign up as supportive members (this is mainly due to make organisation fit better with the government system for grants to NGOs)
€1 mil of administrative grant form the Ministry of Education, project funding and organisational grants from the National Youth Council. Membership fees for schools are calculated with €1 per school-student enrolled.
None
FSS: 1921SLL: 1985
UNSS is the only organization representing secondary school students in Serbia. (SUS is University students’ union of Serbia, the national organisation representing University students, a member of ESU. )
Flemish law recognised VSK officially in 2000 as an independent organ with its own finances. There is internal participation; students govern the organisation. No adults may have voting rights. In 2004 the participation decree became law. This made it compulsory for every school to have a student...
[missing data]
The general situation in Estonia is quite instable. Also, young people are not always valued as whole citizens and informing school students is a difficult process.
[missing data]
Individual school students
450 000
DGS: LH:
Board (16 people) is working full-time in office in Oslo. President and Secretary General are the only ones paid for their work.
About 60 students' councils
50
DGS:
2001
Študentská rada vysokých škôl (ŠRVŠ) - national organization representing university students
In the law it is stated only that it is a recommendation for secondary schools to have a student council. This doesn’t oblige schools to have a student council meaning that the principle is authorized not to allow students to form a student council. If there is an existing student council still...
[missing data]
Usually, students are listened to but their opinion isn’t valued much.
The biggest problem is the de-coupling between what decision makers say and what they actually do. Politicians speak about how they want to give the youth more influence over the issues. In Sweden there’s a tendency to develop separate structures for youth representation and apply one standard...
At this moment in Bulgaria there is no organization representing all the young people and consequently the government is trying to make a law, by means of which to create an organisation. The organisation will have to create local councils, but this might prove a hard assignment to full fill.
1987
The Board (elected by the GA and proposed by the former Coordinator) is formed by a Coordinator, an Organisational Secretary, and 3 to 8 chairpersons for specific the working groups.
According to the law (Zákon o školskej samospráve), student council is voted by all school students and consists of 5 up to 11 students. It designates a Student Representative for the School Council and comments on issues to the director of the school. Majority of students doesn't know that such...
School students are not regularly involved on a municipal level. Youth councils are sometimes present. In the Netherlands, municipalities have very little influence on education. On a national level LAKS speaks regularly with civil servants and politicians to discuss student issues. The...
The problem is that students generally aren’t heard much, even though there are a lot of laws concerning student representation.
[missing data]
Danske Gymnasieelevers Sammenslutning - DGSNational Federation of Business Students in Denmark
Nearly 360 schools are organised nationwide, so the union represents over 150,000 students. The students are no members of the organisation.
Around 200
The highest decision-making body is the general assembly. The GA convenes six times a year and also during two weekends. The daily affairs are managed by a board of trustees. This board consists of six students and an adult advisor. Additionally, there are volunteers and members of the staff.
In Italy there are four student unions working at the national level. Apart from UDS, these organisations exist:There is not a national body where all student organisations convene officially and are recognised by the government. However, UDS and all of these organisations are represented at the...
There are students included in working groups of the Ministry of Education. When the government wants to make a decision concerning students ESCU is often involved in through working groups or other means.Slowly we are moving to students’ representation at municipal bodies through youth city...
LAKS has a very powerful and respected position during the final exams. By organising a final exam complaint line students inform the organisation about errors in the exams. Also, they report organisational problems at schools. LAKS then forwards this to the responsible institutions.In November...
Aontas na Mac Léinn Iarbhunscoileanna
DGS: LH: Student Councils
Approximately 450-500Two representatives from each member-school can attend the general assembly, only one with the right to vote.
2005
General Assembly decides upon the Statues, Political platform, work program etc.
Vlaamse Vereniging van Studenten (VVS) - The National Union of Students from University and higher education